РефератыИностранный языкNeNext Day By Randall Jarrell Essay Research

Next Day By Randall Jarrell Essay Research

Next Day By Randall Jarrell Essay, Research Paper


Next Day by Randall Jarrell


I think, generally, people wish they were


somewhere or someone else, no matter where they


are or how objectively good their situations are.


They?re not really complaining; consciously they


know things are going relatively well for them,


but there is always that nostalgia for more


romantic times past, or that nagging what if in


the back of the mind.


These feelings, which more or less everyone has


more or less all of the time, are what Randall


Jarrell?s poem Next Day is all about. The speaker,


a woman, is lamenting the realization that she is


getting old. Her major life decisions have been


made, and the grocery boy is not checking her out.


She thinks back, briefly, to when she was young


and delectable, but is not long in remembering her


family; her daughter, her sons, her husband; the


people she most loves.


The poem?s opening images wisk you directly into a


supermarket, where the speaker is shopping among


other housewives ?slacked or shorted.? Aside from


just setting the scene, each of these images has


some thematic significance. Cheer, Joy, and All


are not only brands of laundry detergent, but are


states of mind through which she cycles. At first


she is cheery: perhaps it is a beautiful day, a


morning in May (line 43 says it is morning). She


is also experiencing moments of joy: thinking of


her children or the delicious meal ahead of her.


But soon she settles on the all: wondering about


the world and her place in it.


The Cornish game hens are a symbol of class in the


poem; Jarrell is trying to show that this woman is


financially well-off. He doubles this notion in


line 14 when the woman says she was poor when she


was young, implying that she is not poor now, and


then triples it with the mention of a maid in line


38 (It is interesting to note that the made and


the dog are put together on their own line, a sign


of the times, perhaps?).


William James, mentioned in line six, was one of


the cofounders of a school of philosophy called


pragmatism, which maintains that ?both the meaning


and the truth of any idea is a function of its


practical outcome.?1 James also said that true


ideas ?lead through experience in ways that


provide consistency, orderliness, and


predictability.?1 Jarrell is saying that the


speaker and the the other ladies in the store have


become defined by what they do: cooking and


cleaning and shopping. There lives have become


consistent, orderly, and predictable, and


therefore true. The speaker ignores the


?identical/ Food-gathering flocks? because they


are precisely what she does not what to be; she


chooses not to acknowledge them. Still feeling


Cheer, albeit a bit forced, she tries not to lets


these visions bother her.


In the second stanza, though, she cannot help but


buy the All, and begins to notice what she has


been trying not to notice: that she is getting


old, just like the other women. Even shutting her


eyes doesn?t help as the grocery boy, with his


whole life ahead of him, loads her car. The boy

p>

triggers a rush of nostalgia in stanzas three and


four, as the woman thinks back to when she was


?young and miserable and pretty,? when she wanted


what she has now. But now her ?wish/ Is womanish:?


she wants what she had then. She realizes that she


was miserable, yet she wants it anyway. It was


exciting; she was an individual, not part of a


Food-gathering flock, and people noticed her. ?I


was good enough to eat: the world looked at me/


And its mouth watered.? Now, in line 27, the boy


takes notice of the dog over her.


Lines 24-25, ?And, holding their flesh within my


flesh, their vile/Imaginings within my imagining,?


most likely refer to sexual experiences she had in


youth with which she was less than overjoyed. But


it could also be said that now, looking back, part


of her is sorry that that era of her life is gone,


and now such ?vile/ Imaginings? exist only within


her imagining. At some point she gave that life up


and took ?the chance of life,? perhaps marriage.


She thinks back again, on the drive home in lines


29-34, to that last illicit sexual moment, and how


glorious it seems in her memory. She recalls how


it left, at its finale, ?upon the palm/Some soap


and water? (Joy?), and then she is snapped back


into reality, perhaps by a green light, and thinks


of her family. She realizes in the next few lines


that it is not her life that she wishes would


revert to that of her ?Gay/ Twenties,? but she


herself, and her body. She is very happy with her


life, and does not want it to change. ?As I look


at my life,/ I am afraid/ Only that it will


change, as I am changing.? She is upset about


getting old, not about a stagnant life. Her ?sure


and unvarying days? give her life meaning, truth.


In the ninth stanza the speaker talks about the


funeral of a friend she attended the day before.


She found that her dead friend reminded her of


herself. ?My friend?s cold made-up face, .?.?.


dressed body/ Were my face and body,? writes


Jarrell, using a three-line metaphor. Within this


is another metaphor, where Jarrell describes the


friend?s face as ?granite among its flowers.?


The speaker sees herself as becoming this woman;


she doesn?t have long to go. But then she imagines


her friend telling her how young she is, and this


is the voice of reason. The woman realizes she is


not so old, really, and that she is an individual,


special and exceptional. She counts her blessings,


momentarily out of the All and into the Cheer,


seeing the brighter (colors or whites?) side of


things as an allied third party, alive or dead,


would see them.


This epiphany does not last long, alas, and the


speaker again feels lost, again feels anonymous


and unimportant and old. She realizes, however,


that it is not her problem exclusively; ?no one is


exceptional,? she says, ?no one has anything.?


This is why the poem is appealing despite its


sentimentality. It truly speaks to everyone. The


feelings which the speaker is experiencing are


what drive people to buy fast cars, get facelifts,


and abandon their families. Genetics aside, these


emotions are the root of m

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