Сад богов

Московский институт экономики, менеджмента и права
Рязанский филиал

Реферат
по дисциплине: Английский язык
на тему: Страноведение
подтема: «Сад богов»
Выполнила студентка 2 курса
Группы ЭД 42-08
Тахмазян Лусине
Проверил старший преподаватель:
Кресс З.И
Рязань, 2010 год

Plan

· 1 Genesis of the park

· 2 Recreational opportunities

· 3 Geological formations

· 4 Garden of the Gods Visitor and Nature Center

· 5 Rock Ledge Ranch Historic Site

· 6 Name

Garden of the Gods

Garden of the Gods is a public park located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA.

Genesis of the park

Entrance
to the park is free according to the wish of Charles Elliott Perkins, whose children donated
the land to the city of Colorado Springs in 1909.

Recreational opportunities

It contains numerous trails for hiking
, walking, mountain biking and horseback riding
. One of the most popular trails, named Perkins, has been paved in an effort to combat
the erosion of the park's central garden caused by its numerous visitors. Visitors receive frequent reminders
to watch out for rattlesnakes in the hot days of summer. Because of the unusual and steep rock formations in the park, it is an attractive
goal for rock climbers. Rock climbing is permitted, with annual permit obtained at the Garden of the Gods Visitor and Nature Center. The only requirements
are reading the rules, proper equipment
, climbing
with a "buddy", and staying on established
climbing routes. Due to the often unstable conditions
of the sandstone—particularly after much precipitation—several fatalities have occurred
over the years. This is a very popular bicycle-riding
area because of the scenic view
s, safe one-way recently-paved
roads, and healthy clean air.

Geological formations

The outstanding geologic features of the park are the ancient sedimentary beds of red, blue, purple, and white sandstones, conglomerates and limestone that were deposited horizontally, but have now been tilted vertically and faulted by the immense mountain building forces caused by the uplift
of the Pikes Peak massif. Evidence of past ages; ancient seas
, eroded remains of ancestral mountain ranges
, alluvial fans, sandy beaches and great sand dune fields
can be read in the rocks. A spectacular shear fault can be observed where the Tower of Babel (Lyons Sandstone) contacts the Fountain Formation. The name Colorado
is said to come from the color of the sandstone. There are many fossils to be seen: marine forms
, plant fossils
, and some dinosaur fossils
. The hogbacks, so named because they resemble the backs and spines of a pig, are ridges of sandstone whose layers are tilted. Instead of lying horizontally
, some layers are even vertically oriented. Each hogback can range up
to several hundred feet long, and the tallest (called North Gateway Rock) rises to a height of 320 feet (98 m) tall. A notable rock feature on this hogback, the Kissing Camels
, appears to be two very large camels
sitting face to face with their lips touching. One of the most popular features in the park is a large balancing rock, known locally as Balanced Rock
.

Garden of the Gods Visitor and Nature Center

The Garden of the Gods Visitor and Nature Center
is located near the park entrance and offers free nature presentations daily. Natural history exhibits
include minerals, geology, plants and local
wildlife, as well as Native American culture. Programs include nature hikes, a Junior Ranger program, narrated bus tours, movies and special programs. Proceeds
from the center support the Garden of the Gods Park. The center provides useful information for the experienced hiker as well as the armchair tourist.

Rock Ledge Ranch Historic Site

Near the entrance to the park is the Rock Ledge Ranch Historic Site,
a recreation of rustic ranch of the late 1800s. The walking tour features a restored ranch house, demonstrations of
smithing and facts about Native American activity in the area, including a small recreation of a Native American campsite. Rock Ledge Ranch is not part of the park, and it charges an admission fee
.

Name

The name of the park dates back to August 1859 when two surveyors h

elping to set up nearby Colorado City were exploring the nearby areas. Upon discovering the site, one of the surveyors, M. S. Beach, suggested that it would be a "capital place for a beer garden." His companion, the young Rufus Cable, awestruck by the impressive rock formations, exclaimed, "Beer Garden! Why it is a fit place for the gods to assemble. We will call it the Garden of the Gods." The beer garden never materialized, but the name stuck. In 2006 a dinosaur species discovered there, was named after the park: Theiophytalia kerri
.

Dictionary

:

· horseback

riding

-

прогулки на лошадях

· frequent reminders

–

частые напоминания

· rattlesnakes
–

гремучие змеи

· rock climbers
–

альпинисты

· r

equirements

–

запрос, требование

· equipment

–

оборудование ,техника, аппаратура

· established

–

установленный, официальный

· precipitation
–

осадки

· bicycle-riding

–

велосипедная прогулка

· scenic view

s
–
живописный вид

· recently-paved


–
недавно открыли

· sedimentary
–
осадочный

· s

andstones


–

песчаники

· conglomerates

–

конгломераты

· limestone
– известняки

· massif
– массив

· ancestral mountain ranges

– родовые горные хребты

· alluvial fans
–

конусы выноса

· camels

–
верблюды

· balancing rock
–

балансировочный камень

· e

xhibits


–

экспонаты

· local

wildlife
–

местные дикие животные

· p

roceeds


-

выручка, доход

· demonstrations of

smithing –


демонстрация кузницы

· campsite
–

кемпинг

· admission


fee

–

вступительный взнос

· surveyors –

топографы

· beer garden
–

пивной сад

· d

onated

–


пожертвованный

· effort to combat

–

усилия по борьбе с

· dinosaur fossils

-
окаменелости динозавра

· plant fossils

–

ископаемые растений

· dune fields

–

песчаные дюны

· marine forms


–
морские формы

· nearby areas

–

близлежащие районы

· unstable conditions

–

нестабильные условия

· lying horizontally

–

лежащие горизонтально

· hiking

–

пешеходная экскурсия

· popular trails

–

популярные тропы

· climbing

–

восхождение, лезущий

· uplift

–

подъем, поднимать

· ancient seas

–

древние моря

· range up

-

диапазон

· occurred

–

происходить, случаться

· attractive

–

заманчивый, привлекательный