РефератыИностранный языкSiSir Francis Bacon Essay Research Paper Sir

Sir Francis Bacon Essay Research Paper Sir

Sir Francis Bacon Essay, Research Paper


Sir Francis Bacon


Sir Francis Bacon was born January 22, 1561. He died April 9,


1626. He was an English essayist, lawyer, statesman, and philosopher . He


had a major influence on the philosophy of science. When he was 12 years


old, he began studies at Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1576 he entered


Gray?s Inn to pursue a career in law. He was first elected in 1584.


Bacon?s opposition to royal tax measures would probably have brought


an end to his political advancement, but he had the support of the Earl of


Essex, whose prosecution for treason he later managed. He was knighted in


1603 after the succession of James I. Bacon and he became solicitor-general


in 1609, attorney-general in 1613, lord keeper of the great seal in 1617, and


lord chancellor in 1618; he was also created Baron of Verulam I 1618, and


Viscount St. Albans in 1621. Bacon retained James?s favor by steadfast


defense of royal prerogative, but in 1621 he was found guilty of accepting


bribes and was removed from his office. Retiring to Gorhambury, he


devoted himself to writing and scientific work.


Philosophically, Bacon wrote marks such as the Instauratio Magna


(Great Restoration), setting forth his concepts for the restoration of


humankind to mastery over nature. It was intended to contain six parts: first


a classification of sciences; second a new inductive logic; third a gathering of


empirical and experimental facts; fourth examples to show the effectiveness


>of his new approach; fifth generalization derivable from natural history; and a


new philosophy that would be a complete science of nature.


Bacon completed only two parts, however, the Advancement of


Learning in 1605, later expanded as De Dignitate et Augmentis Scientiarum


(On the Dignity and Growth of Sciences, 1620); and the Novum Organum


(The New Organon, 1620), which was to replace Aristotle?s Organon.


Sciences were under the general headings of history, poetry, and philosophy.


Their culmination was an inductive philosophy of nature, in which proposed


to find the natural laws, of bodily action. To this end, he devised so-called


tables of induction designed to discover such forms with the goal of mastery


over nature.


Although Bacon was not a great scientist, he gave impetus to the


development of modern inductive science. His works were held in esteem by


Robert Boyle, Robert Hook, Sir Isaac Newton, and Thomas Hobbes. In the


eighteenth century, Voltaire and Diderot considered him the father of modern


sentence. Other works of Bacon?s include his essays from 1597-1625 and


the New Atlantis in 1627. So nineteenth century writers suggested that


Bacon was the real author of Shakespeare?s plays, but this theory is


discounted by most scholars.


:


World Book Encyclopedia, Chicago: Field Enterprises Educational


Corporation, 1962. Volume B Pp. 18.


Wegman, Richard J., Medical and Health Encyclopedia, New York:


Ferguson Publishing Company, 1992, Pp. 491-492.

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